ABSTRACT
Many origins and insertions of an axillary muscular slip (also known as Langer's or axillary arch muscles) have been documented previously. In this report, we found duplicated axillary arch muscles (two variant muscular slips) originating from the inferolateral border of the right side latissimus dorsi muscle. Obviously, these axillary arch muscles can be distinguished as short and long muscular strips. While the origin was the same, the short muscular slip inserts into the fascia covering on the pectoralis minor, whereas the longer one inserts on/into the aponeurosis of pectoralis major. For the surgery in the axillary region, this rare variation should be considered a cause of surgical interventions.
Subject(s)
Fascia , MusclesABSTRACT
Background : Injury of the postior cruciate ligament (PCL) is occurred during sports activities, or from motor vehicles accidents. Primary repair of PCL should be done if it is possible, however, in unrepaired cases recontruction by using various types of surrounding tendons are recommended. Patella tendon is one of the selected tendon for PCL reconstruction. The sizes of posterior cruciate ligament and patellar tendon, however, are referenced from Europeans’ cadaver\> The sizes of these structures of Thai people have not been studied yet.Objective : To study the width and length of the PCL and patellar tendon.Design : A descriptive study.Setting : The study was done at the Gross Anatomy Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University.Subjects : 68 knees of Thais’ cadaver.Measurement : 1. Measured the width and length of PCL and patella tendon at origin and insertion by using verneir caliper for three times. 2. Measured the sites of PCL attachment at the femur and tibia by using verneir caliper. The results were compared with regard of male and female.Results : The average of width of PCL was 10.73 mm. In female and 11.80 mm. In male. The average of length of PCL was 19.04 in female and 21.02 in male. The average of width of patellar ligament were 27.48, 23.46, 20.91 in female T Apexof patella, half of length, tibial tubercle. The average of length of patella tendon was 37.51 mm. In female and 38.24 mm. In male.Conclusion : No significal at 95% confidence interval between female and male.Key Words : Posterior Cruciate ligament, Patellar tendon
ABSTRACT
Background : Injury of the postior cruciate ligament (PCL) is occurred during sports activities, or from motor vehicles accidents. Primary repair of PCL should be done if it is possible, however, in unrepaired cases recontruction by using various types of surrounding tendons are recommended. Patella tendon is one of the selected tendon for PCL reconstruction. The sizes of posterior cruciate ligament and patellar tendon, however, are referenced from Europeans’ cadaver\> The sizes of these structures of Thai people have not been studied yet.Objective : To study the width and length of the PCL and patellar tendon.Design : A descriptive study.Setting : The study was done at the Gross Anatomy Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University.Subjects : 68 knees of Thais’ cadaver.Measurement : 1. Measured the width and length of PCL and patella tendon at origin and insertion by using verneir caliper for three times. 2. Measured the sites of PCL attachment at the femur and tibia by using verneir caliper. The results were compared with regard of male and female.Results : The average of width of PCL was 10.73 mm. In female and 11.80 mm. In male. The average of length of PCL was 19.04 in female and 21.02 in male. The average of width of patellar ligament were 27.48, 23.46, 20.91 in female T Apexof patella, half of length, tibial tubercle. The average of length of patella tendon was 37.51 mm. In female and 38.24 mm. In male.Conclusion : No significal at 95% confidence interval between female and male.Key Words : Posterior Cruciate ligament, Patellar tendon
ABSTRACT
Background: lnjury to the posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) can be caused by trauma, by non-trauma. Measurement of the PIN the proximal radius in Thai patientshas been documented, but the relationship was unclear.This study has set out to define the relationship of theposterior interossous nerve to the proximal radius clearly.Objective: To measure the relationship of the PIN to the proximal radius to establish a guide to the posterolateral approach to the proximal radius during orthopedic interventions.Design: Descriptive studySetting: The Gross Anatomy Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Khon Kaen University.Subjects: forearms on 66 Thai cadavers (25 male and 8 female). Age range at time of decease 22 to 82 years.Measurement: 1. Distance of the PIN from the radial articular surface to the branches emerging from thesupinator 2. Distance of the PIN from the radial articular surface to the first branch to the extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor digitorum communisresults: 1. The mean distance of the PIN from the radial articular surface to the branches emerging from the supinator was 5.35 + 0.86 cm. 2. The mean distance of the PIN from the radial articular surface to the first branch was 5.69 + 0.82 cm.Conclusion: These results that interventions 5.35 cm. to 5.69 cm. from radial articular surface to the proximal radius could pose a danger to the integrity of the PIN.Keyword: (1) Posterior lnterosseous Nerve (2) Radius
ABSTRACT
Background: The variations of the organs in the body are some time found during dissection of formalin-embalmed cadavers in the practical class of Gross Anatomy.Objective: To record and report the first case in 5 years of horseshoe kidney from the practical class of Gross Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University.Results: A horseshoe kidney was found in an 82-year-old female cadaver. The single ureter was found on the right side. The multiple segmental arterial supply to the horseshoe kidney were observed.Keywords: horseshoe kidney, single ureter